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ASAHI KASEI
[AK4532]
AK4532
Internet/Network/General Purpose Multimedia Audio CODEC
General Description
The AK4532 is a low-cost high-quality 16-Bit CODEC designed specifically for Internet Boxes, Network PCs, and to interface with audio/video controller ICs for standard PC applications. AKM's AK4532 serial interface mode simplifies the design process on existing and new audio projects. The converters can have a range of 4 to 50 kHz. For voice mail applications, an internal 26 dB microphone preamp has been added and because of the internal input mixer, music or other sounds can easily be mixed with voice.
Features
* * * * * * * * * * * * 2ch Audio CODEC 2ch stereo including 1ch mono recording mixer with L/R, R/L, L/L and R/R switching 2ch stereo playback mixer Mic input with 26 dB optional gain High Jitter Tolerance Interface compatible with AKM's AK4531 Sampling Rate: 4 kHz to 50 kHz 3-wire Serial Interface for Mixer Control 5 V operation, can connect to 3.3 V Digital Controller. Low power consumption - 150 mW Power down mode Small low profile package - 24 pin VSOP.
Block Diagram
0178-E-01
1
1999/06
ASAHI KASEI
[AK4532] from -10C to +70C Evaluation Board 24pin VSOP(0.65mm pitch)
Ordering Guide
AK4532 AKD4532
Pin Layout
0178-E-01
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ASAHI KASEI
[AK4532] I/O I I I I I I I I I O I I I I O O I Function Analog Ground Analog Power - 5V Mic or Right Aux Line Level Input Left Aux Line Level Input Right Line Level Input Left Line Level Input Power down and Reset Master Clock for CODEC Left Right Clock for CODEC Serial Clock for CODEC Serial Data In Serial Data Out Digital Ground Digital Power - 5V Chip Select Control Port Clock Control Port Data MCLK select (L:256fs, H:384fs) Left Analog Out Right Analog Out A/D Reference Connect to AGND with 0.1uF and 4.7uF capacitors L channel Antialias Filter Pin Connect to AGND with 1.0nF capacitor R channel Antialias Filter Pin Connect to AGND with 1.0nF capacitor Voltage Common Output Pin Connect to AGND with 0.1uF and 4.7uF capacitors.
Pin and Function
Pin 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 Pin Name AGND VA MIC/AUXR AUXL LINER LINEL
PD
MCLK LRCK SCLK SDI SDO DGND VD
CS
CCLK CDATA CMODE LOUT ROUT VRAD AINFL AINFR VCOM
Note: 1. No load current may be taken from the VCOM, VRAD pins for the external circuits. 2. All digital input pins should not be left floating.
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ASAHI KASEI
[AK4532]
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
AGND, DGND = 0 V Parameter Power Supplies: Input Current, Any Pin except Supplies Analog Input Voltage Range Digital Input Voltage Ambient Temperature Storage Temperature Analog Digital Symbol VA VD IIN VINA VIND Ta Tstg min -0.3 -0.3 -0.3 -0.3 -10 -65 max 6.0 6.0 or VA+0.3 +/- 10 6.0 or VA+0.3 6.0 or VA+0.3 70 150 Units V V mA V V
Note: 1. All voltages with respect to ground. 2. Max value is higher voltage of 6.0 or VA+0.3V. WARNING: Operation at or beyond these limits may result in permanent damage to the device. Normal Operating Specifications are not guarantee at these extremes.
RECOMMENDED OPERATING CONDITIONS
(AGND, DGND = 0 V, Note 1) Parameter Power Supplies Analog Digital Symbol VA VD min 4.5 4.5 typ 5.0 5.0 max 5.5 VA units V V
Note 1: All voltages with respect to ground.
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[AK4532]
ANALOG CHARACTERISTICS
(Ta=25 ; VA, VD = 5.0V; fs = 44.1kHz; Signal Frequency = 1 kHz; MCLK=256fs; BCLK = 64 fs; LRCK = fs, Gain, ATT and Mixer switches are defualt setting. Measurement frequency bandwidth is 10Hz to 20kHz, unless otherwise noted.) Parameter min typ max units measured via LineL and LineR A/D Resolution 16 Bits S/(N+D) -0.5 dB Input 74 80 dB S/N A-weighted 84 90 dB Dynamic Range -60 dB Input, 84 90 dB A-weighted Interchannel Isolation (Note 1) 68 76 dB Interchannel Gain Mismatch 0.2 0.5 dB Gain Drift 100 ppm/ Offset Error (Note 2) +/- 1 LSB Input Voltage (Note 4) 2.50 2.70 2.90 Vpp Mixer Input Resistance 30 60 100 k measured via LOUT and ROUT D/A Resolution 16 Bits S/(N+D) 75 83 dB S/N A-weighted 83 87 dB Dynamic Range -60 dB Input, 83 87 dB A-weighted Interchannel Isolation (Note 1) 80 100 dB Interchannel Gain Mismatch 0.2 0.7 dB Gain Drift 100 ppm/ Output Voltage (Note 4) 2.85 3.05 3.35 Vpp Load Resistance 10 k Out-of-Band Noise BW < 100 kHz -81 dB
MIC Amp
Gain Input Resistance
Mixer Gain Control
Step Size Gain Control Range
For 26dB setting 32 Steps (Note 3) 32 Steps (Note 3)
24 15 0 -50 0 -62
26 25 2
28 40
dB k dB dB dB dB mA mA mW uA uA uW
12 2 0 27 3 150 10 10 100 40 5 225
Master Volume
Step Size Attenuation Control Range
Power Supplies
Normal Operation VA VD Power Dissipation VA VD Power Dissipation
Power-Down Mode
200
Note: 1. Crosstalk between channels on the same A/D or D/A. 2. Internal HPF removes offset. 3. Minimum spec applies to -40dB setting. 4. Input and Output voltage scale with VA.
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ASAHI KASEI
[AK4532]
FILTER CHARACTERISTICS
(Ta=25 ; VA, VD = 5.0V10%; fs = 44.1 kHz) Parameter Symbol A/D Digital Filter (Decimation LPF) PB Passband (Note 1) +/- 0.1 dB -0.5 dB -1.2 dB -6.7 dB Stopband SB Passband Ripple PR Stopband Attenuation SA Group Delay Distortion Delta GD Group Delay (Note 2) GD A/D Digital Filter (HPF) Frequency Response -3 dB FR (Note 1) -0.5 dB -0.1 dB D/A Digital Filter Passband (Note 1) +/- 0.1 dB PB -6.0 dB Stopband SB Passband Ripple PR Stopband Attenuation SA Group Delay (Note 2) GD D/A Digital Filter + Analog Filter Frequency Response 0 to 20 kHz FR min typ max Units
0 0 0 0 26.0 68
16.5 19.0 20.0 22.05 +/- 0.1 0 16.1 6.85 19.6 44.9
kHz kHz kHz kHz kHz dB dB uS 1/fs Hz Hz Hz
0 0 26.1 65 14.4
18.0 22.05 +/- 0.1
kHz kHz kHz dB dB 1/fs
+/- 1.0
dB
Note: 1. The passband and stopband frequencies scale with fs. 2. The calculating delay time which occurred by digital filtering. This time is from the input of analog signal to setting the 16bit data of both channels to the output register of ADC. For DAC, this time is from setting 16bit data of both channels on input register to the output of analog signal.
DIGITAL CHARACTERISTICS
(Ta=25 ; VA, VD = 5.0V10%) Parameter High-Level Input Voltage Low-Level Input Voltage High-Level Output Voltage (Iout=-80uA) Low-Level Output Voltage (Iout=80uA) Input Leakage Current Symbol VIH VIL VOH VOL Iin min 2.2 VD-0.4 typ max 0.8 0.4 +/-10 Units V V V V uA
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ASAHI KASEI
[AK4532]
SWITCHING CHARACTERISTICS
(Ta=25 ; VA, VD = 5.0V10%, Cl = 20pF) Parameter Symbol min typ max Units 11.2896 12.800 MHz 1.024 fCLK Master Clock Timing (CMODE=L) 16.9344 19.2 MHz 1.536 fCLK (CMODE=H) ns 31.25 fCLKL Pulse Width Low (CMODE=L) ns 23 fCLKL (CMODE=H) ns 31.25 fCLKH Pulse Width High (CMODE=L) ns 23 fCLKH (CMODE=H) LRCK Frequency (Note 1) fs 4 44.1 50 kHz Duty Cycle 45 55 % Serial Interface Timing ns 312.5 tSCK SCLK Period ns 100 tSCKL SCLK Pulse Width Low ns 100 tSCKH SCLK Pulse Width High ns 50 LRCK Edge to SCLK "rising edge" (Note 2) tLRS ns 50 SCLK "rising edge" to LRCK edge (Note 2) tSLR ns 50 tSDH SDI Hold Time ns 50 tSDS SDI Setup Time ns 70 tLRS LRCK to SDO(MSB) ns 70 tSSD SCLK "rising edge" to SDO Control Interface Timing ns 200 CCLK Period tCCK ns 80 CCLK Pulse Width Low tCCKL ns 80 CCLK Pulse Width High tCCKH ns 50 CDATA Hold Time tCDS ns 50 CDATA Setup Time tCDH ns 150 tCSW CS High Level Time ns 50 tCSS CS "falling edge" to CCLK "rising" time ns 50 tCSH CCLK "rising time" to CS "rising" time Reset Timing tPD 150 ns PD Pulse Width tPDS 516 1/fs PD "rising edge" to SDO delay (Note 3) Note: 1. If the duty of LRCK changes larger than 5% from 50%, the AK4532 is reset by the internal phase detecting circuit automatically. 2. SCLK rising edge must not occur at the same time as LRCK edge. 3. These cycles are the number of LRCK rising from PD rising.
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ASAHI KASEI
[AK4532]
Audio Data Formats
The data format of ADC and DAC are MSB first & MSB justified with 16bit. The SCLK needs 32fs or more than 32fs in a LRCK cycle.
LRCK SCLK =64fs SDO 16Bit SDI 16Bit 15141312 15141312 10 10 Don't Care Don't Care 15141312 15141312 10 10 Don't Care Don't Care 1514 1514 Lch Rch
SDO,SDI - 15:MSB,0:LSB
Timing Diagram
1/fCLK
MCLK tCLKH
1/fs tCLKL
VIH VIL
LRCK tSCK SCLK tSCKH tSCKL
VIH VIL
VIH VIL
Clock Timing
VIH VIL
LRCK tSLR SCLK tLRS SDO tSDS SDI tSDH tSSD tLRS
VIH VIL
VIH VIL
VIH VIL
Serial Audio Interface Timing
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1999/06
ASAHI KASEI
tCSW CS tCSS CCLK tCDS CDATA A7 tCDH A6 tCCKH tCCKL A5 tCCK
[AK4532]
VIH VIL
VIH VIL
VIH VIL
Control Data Interface Timing 1
VIH VIL
CS tCSH CCLK
VIH VIL
CDATA
D2
D1
D0
VIH VIL
Control Data Interface Timing2
tPD PD
VIL
Power down and Reset Timing
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ASAHI KASEI
[AK4532]
OPERATION OVERVIW
1. CONTROL REGISTER MAP Addr Register Name D7 D6 00 Master Volume Lch MUTE 01 Master Volume Rch MUTE 02 Voice Volume Lch MUTE 03 Voice Volume Rch MUTE 08 Line Volume Lch MUTE 09 Line Volume Rch MUTE 0A AUX Volume Lch MUTE 0B AUX Volume Rch MUTE 10 Output Mixer SW 1 11 Output Mixer SW 2 12 Lch Input Mixer SW 1 13 Rch Input Mixer SW 1 14 Lch Input Mixer SW 2 15 Rch Input Mixer SW 2 16 Reset and Power Down 19 MIC Amp Gain Note: ATT* is data bits for the attenuation level. GAI* is data bits for the gain level. D5 D4 ATT4 ATT4 GAI4 GAI4 GAI4 GAI4 GAI4 GAI4 LineL AUXR LineL LineL AUXL AUXL D3 ATT3 ATT3 GAI3 GAI3 GAI3 GAI3 GAI3 GAI3 LineR VoiceL LineR LineR AUXR AUXR D2 ATT2 ATT2 GAI2 GAI2 GAI2 GAI2 GAI2 GAI2 VoiceR D1 ATT1 ATT1 GAI1 GAI1 GAI1 GAI1 GAI1 GAI1 D0 ATT0 ATT0 GAI0 GAI0 GAI0 GAI0 GAI0 GAI0 MIC
AUXL
VoiceL VoiceR
PD RST
MGAIN
IMPORTANT: There is the compatibility between the AK4531 and AK4532. But the input mixer functions of those device has some different implication in the application, receptively. And the other address of control register except those described in the above table and "1A" are "do not care". Address "1A" for testing shall be strictly prohibited to access. Be ware that the three MSB address bits(A7, A6, A5) are ignored by AK4532. Writing to address "20" register will update the address "00" register for instance. 2. WRITE Timing of Control Register
CS
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
CCLK CDATA A7 A6 A5 A4 A3 A2 A1 A0 D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 A7 -A0: D7 -D0: Address Control Data
3. Control Register Definitions Addr 00 01 MUTE ATT4:0 Initial Register Name Master Volume Lch Master Volume Rch 1: 0: D7 MUTE MUTE D6 D5 D4 ATT4 ATT4 D3 ATT3 ATT3 D2 ATT2 ATT2 D1 ATT1 ATT1 D0 ATT0 ATT0
MUTE No MUTE 32 levels with 2 dB step 00000: 0dB 11111: -62 dB "0000 0000"(No MUTE & 0dB)
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ASAHI KASEI Addr 02 03 08 09 0A 0B MUTE ATT4:0 Register Name Voice Volume Lch Voice Volume Rch Line Volume Lch Line Volume Rch AUX Volume Lch AUX Volume Rch 1: 0: D7 MUTE MUTE MUTE MUTE MUTE MUTE D6 D5 D4 GAI4 GAI4 GAI4 GAI4 GAI4 GAI4 D3 GAI3 GAI3 GAI3 GAI3 GAI3 GAI3 D2 GAI2 GAI2 GAI2 GAI2 GAI2 GAI2
[AK4532] D1 GAI1 GAI1 GAI1 GAI1 GAI1 GAI1 D0 GAI0 GAI0 GAI0 GAI0 GAI0 GAI0
Initial Addr 10 11 12 13 14 15
MUTE No MUTE 32 levels with 2 dB step 00000: 12dB 00110: 0 dB 11111: -50 dB "0000 0110"(No MUTE & 0dB) Register Name Output Mixer SW 1 Output Mixer SW 2 Lch Input Mixer SW 1 Rch Input Mixer SW 1 Lch Input Mixer SW 2 Rch Input Mixer SW 2 D7 D6 D5 AUXL D4 LineL AUXR LineL LineL AUXL AUXL D3 LineR VoiceL LineR LineR AUXR AUXR D2 VoiceR D1 D0 MIC
VoiceL VoiceR
ON/OFF of Mixer Switches 0: OFF 1: ON Initial "000X XX00" XXX=000: Addr=10,14,15 (All:OFF) XXX=011: Addr=11(Output Mixer Voice R&L:ON) XXX=100: Addr=12(Lch Input Mixer Line L :ON) XXX=010: Addr=13(Rch Input Mixer Line R :ON) Addr 16 19 Register Name Reset and Power Down MIC Amp Gain D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1
PD
D0
RST
MGAIN
RST initializes the contents of all registers except PD and RST registers. When PD pin goes low, RST register becomes "1". 1: Normal Operation 0: Initialize PD register enables the power down. When PD pin goes low, PD register becomes "1".
1: Normal Operation 0: Power Down MGAIN selects the gain of MIC amp. The initial state is "0". 0: Bypass (0dB) 1: 26 dB Try to avoid pops and clicks when activating or inactivating this function.
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ASAHI KASEI 4. Explanation of each sequence 4.1. Reset & Power down
Power Supply
[AK4532]
PD pin
PD(register)
RST(register)
Internal State
INIT1
INITA
Normal
PD
INITA
Normal
INIT2
Normal PD+INIT2
INITA
Normal
Write to register
Inhibit(1)
Inhibit(2)
Inhibit(2
External clock MCLK,LRCK,SCLK The clocks may be stopped.
Initializing all registers. The AK4532 exists in the power down state. Initializing all registers except PD , RST registers. Initializing the analog section. Initializing period is 516/fs. Power down state. All analog outputs are floating. In case of RST register = "0", initializing all registers except PD , RST registers. Inhibit(1): Inhibits writing to all registers. Inhibit(2): Inhibits writing to all registers except for PD , RST registers. The AK4532 operates with the external clocks(MCLK, LRCK, SCLK) during initializing the analog section. Figure 1. Reset & Power Down Sequence INIT1: INIT2: INITA: PD: 4.2. PD pin operation "H": Normal operation "L": Initializing mode 1(INIT1 in Figure 1) Initializing all registers. Inhibits writing to all registers. The initialization of the analog section starts at rising edge of PD pin. SDO pin stays "L" during the initializing periods of 516/fs. Going into power down state. 4.3. RST register operation "1": Normal operation "0": Initializing mode 2(INIT2 in Figure 1) Initializing all registers except PD , RST registers. Inhibits writing to all registers except PD , RST registers. RST register goes "1" when PD pin goes "L". The analog section is not initialized. 4.4. PD register operation "1": Normal operation "0": Power down The contents of all registers are held. PD resister goes "1" when PD pin goes "L". All analog outputs(LOUT, ROUT) go floating. The initialization of the analog section starts at the rising edge of PD resister. SDO pin stays "L" during the initializing period of 516/fs. 4.5. SDO output pin operation 0178-E-01 12 1999/06
ASAHI KASEI SDO output is the 16bit data of ADC and goes "L"(0000H) in the following cases. PD pin = "L" During initializing the analog section(516/fs). RST register = "0" PD register = "0" 4.6. Analog output pin(LOUT, ROUT) operation These outputs are floating in the following case. PD pin = "L" PD register = "0"
[AK4532]
5. System Clock The external clocks which are required to operate the AK4532 are MCLK, LRCK and SCLK. MCLK should be synchronized with LRCK but the phase is free of care. As the AK4532 includes the phase detect circuit for LRCK, the AK4532 is reset automatically when the synchronization is out of phase by changing the clock frequencies. Therefore, the reset is not required except only upon power-up. All external clocks should always be present whenever the AK4532 is in normal operation mode. If these clocks are not provided, the AK4532 may draw excessive current and do not possibly operate properly because the device utilizes the dynamic logic internally. If the external clocks are not present, the AK4532 should be in the power down mode.
5.
Digital High Pass Filter The ADC of the AK4532 has a digital high pass filter for DC offset cancel. The cut-off frequency of the HPF is 6.85Hz at fs=44.1kHz and the frequency response at 20Hz is -0.5dB. It also scales with sampling rate(fs).
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ASAHI KASEI
[AK4532]
System Design
Figure 2 shows the system connection diagram. An evaluation board is available which demonstrates the optimum layout, power supply arrangements and measurement results.
4.7u
+
0. u 1
14
10 2
0. u 1 VA VRAD
+
4.7u
+5V Analog
VD
21
+ 0. u 1
4.7u
7 8 9
PD MCLK LRCK SCLK SDI SDO CMODE CDATA CCLK CS
VCOM
24
+ 0. u 1
4.7u
Controller & Synth.
10 11 12 18 17 16 15
AK4532
AINFL AINFR MIC/AUXR AUXL LineR LineL LOUT
22 23
3 4 5 6 19
Lch Analog Out Rch Analog Out
ROUT DGND
13
20
AGND
1
Figure 2. Typical Connection Diagram 1. Grounding and power supply decoupling The AK4532 requires careful attention to power supply and grounding arrangements. VD should be supplied from analog power supply. Analog ground and digital ground should be connected together near to where the supplies are brought onto the printed circuit board. Decoupling capacitors should be as near to the AK4532 as possible, with the small value ceramic capacitor being the nearest. 2. On-chip voltage reference The on-chip voltage references are output on the VRAD and VCOM pins for decouping . The VRAD is used as the reference of A/D conversion. The VCOM is a signal ground of this chip. An electrolytic capacitor less than 10uF in parallel with a 0.1uF ceramic capacitor attached to these pins eliminates the effects of high frequency noise. Especially, the small value ceramic capacitors should be as near to the AK4532 as possible. No load current may be drawn from the VRAD and VCOM pins. All signals, especially clocks, should be kept away from the VRAD and VCOM pins in order to avoid unwanted coupling into the chip. 0178-E-01 14 1999/06
ASAHI KASEI
[AK4532]
3. Analog Inputs The mixer input and the ADC inputs are single-ended and internally biased to the VCOM voltage with 60k(typ) resistance. The input signal range is typically 2.83Vpp(1Vrms). Figure 3 is an example for 2Vrms line-level input circuit. The ADC output data format is 2's complement. The AK4532 accepts input voltages from AGND to VA. The output code is 7FFFH for input above a positive full scale and 8000H for input below a negative full scale. The ideal code is 0000H with no input signal. The DC offset is canceled by the internal HPF.
AK4532 Analog Input 2Vrms
5. k 1 5. k 1 0.47u
LINE/AUX
Figure 3. 2Vrms Line-level Input The AK4532 samples the analog inputs at 64fs. The digital filter rejects all noise higher than the stop band. However, the filter will not reject frequencies right around 64fs(and multiples of 64fs). Most audio signals do not have significant energy at 64fs. As a result, two 1nF capacitors are necessary for AINFR and AINFL. 4. Analog Outputs The analog outputs are also single-ended and centered around the VCOM voltage. The output signal range is typically 2.83Vpp(1Vrms). The DAC input data format is 2's complement. The output voltage is a positive full scale for 7FFFH and a negative full scale for 8000H. The ideal output is VCOM voltage for 0000H. The internal switched-capacitor filter and continuous-time filter almost remove the noise generated by the delta-sigma modulator of DAC beyond the audio passband, especially low sampling rate. The noise floor level is almost constant and the audible noise level is -83dB(typ) at 8kHz sampling. 5. Other information
5.1 Clock change The clock change or LRCK phase shift should be done while muting the DAC output by the master volume or voice volume to avoid the click noise by out-of-synchronization. ADC may output digital code at the clock change, or LRCK phase shift may produce incomplete or destroyed 16bit data. Then some attention is required carefully. 5.2 Offset on mixer inputs When the mixer gain is set to +12dB, the output has pretty large offset even if the inputs are no signal. Therefore, large click noise may occur when the gain level is changed quickly. 5.3 Click noise on the analog outputs The click noise of about -50dB occurs from the analog outputs(LOUT, ROUT) at the power on/off or the transition of PD register. The analog outputs should be muted externally if the click noise influences systems application.
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1999/06
ASAHI KASEI
[AK4532]
Package 24pin VSOP
24
(Unit: mm)
1.250.2 13
*7.8 0.15
* 5.6 0.2
1 0.220.1
12 0.65
Detail
0.150.05 0.1
Seating Plane
0.10
NOTE: Dimension "*" does not include mold flash.
010
Package & Lead frame materiel Package molding compound : Epoxy Lead frame material :Cu Lead frame surface treatment : Solder plate
0178-E-01
16
0.5 0 .2
7.60.2
1999/06
ASAHI KASEI
[AK4532]
Marking
AK4532VF AAXXXX
1) 2) 3) 4) 5) 6)
Pin #1 indication AA: LOT# Date Code: XXXXX(4 digits) Marketing Code: AK4532-VF Country of Origin Asahi Kasei Logo
0178-E-01
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1999/06

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